Psychological effects of Quarantine and Isolation during epidemic disease outbreaks: Rapid review

Abstract

Objectives: (1) to explore the psychological impact of quarantine and isolation, (2) to identify groups most at risk of adverse psychological outcomes, and (3) to identify risk and protective factors for mental health outcomes during quarantine and isolation.

Method: The study was performed according to rapid review guidelines.

Results: Our search identified 548 related references; however, only 27 papers met our inclusion criteria. Results revealed negative psychological effects of quarantine and isolation including higher scores for depression, anxiety, fear, Acute Stress Disorder, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, and psychosomatic symptoms. Evidence shows that health care workers, caregivers, and those who suffer from some form of functional disability, chronic illness and mental illness have a high risk of developing mental disorders. Some researchers have identified risk factors that could lead to adverse mental health outcomes during of quarantine and isolation, such as long period of quarantine, financial loss, and inadequate supplies & social networking activities, while protective factors were associated with reassurances, counseling sessions, using the smartphone, and providing emotional and social support.