The Kharijites in the first four centuries of migration

introducing them, and their political and doctrinal role

Abstract

Research Objectives: explaining the details of the phases of the Khawarij sect and mentioning its beliefs during the first four centuries of the Hijrah, revealing their methods, characteristics and origins in general, and standing on the lessons from their conditions and warning against falling into them.

Research Method: extrapolation and deduction.

Its Most Important Results: During that period, the Kharijites were a source of doctrinal political anxiety for the Islamic Caliphate, and its end was a catastrophic failure. It became clear from studying the movements of the Kharijites that they were not organized in their exodus, nor were they governed by a wise leadership. It has also been proven through the history of the many sects into which the Kharijites branched out that the large number of these sects is due to the rapidity of their disagreement over each other for trivial reasons, and the fondness of some scholars of the sects for the frequent mention of the Kharijites sects and their attribution to their leaders. Among the most important of their characteristics is that they were people of courage, speed of impulsion, a lot of worship, eloquence, and patience in controversy without a correct understanding of what the predecessors of this nation were upon.

There have been authentic hadiths that declare their characteristics, and explain the merits of killing them and the command to do so. The major problem of the Kharijites, from their inception until now, is the issue of the Imamate in practice, and their problem, which comes in the second degree of importance, is the excommunication of the perpetrator of the major sins and the legalization of his blood and the ruling on him to eternity in the fire.

The most correct opinion on them is that they are not all covered by one ruling, rather they differ in that according to their sects, the extent to which their opinions are close or far from religion, and the extent to which some of them are moderate in their attitude towards Muslims.